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Introduction to Digital Video
Introduction 1
What Is DV? 3
What DV Is (and Isn’t) 5
DV (Mini DV and DVCAM) Is 5
DV Is Not 5
Acronyms 6
Disclaimer 6
The Future 7
A Short History of Film and How It Relates to DV 9
35mm 9
9.5mm 9
16mm 10
Super16 10
8mm 10
Super8 10
Film and the 20th Century 11
How Many DV Camcorders Are out There? 13
DV Feature Credits 14
Five Minute DV Introductory Course 15
First you need a camera 16
A Guide for the Perplexed 18
Five Minutes and Counting 18
DV, DVC, DVCAM, DVCPRO 21
What Is DV? 21
DV Cassettes 22
ID Holes 23
DV Tape 23
Comparisons 24
DV Restaurant Guide 25
DVCPRO 26
Digital8 26
Digital S 26
DVCPRO50 26
What is DVCAM? 27
DVCAM Format 27
DVCAM Tape 27
Cassette Labeling 28
Labeling Your Cassettes 28
Write-Protect = Playback Only 29
IC Memory 29
Emergency: Middle of a Shoot, Can’t Find More DVCAM Tapes 29
Don’t...Because 30
A Short Catalog of DV Tape 31
Sony DVCAM (6mm) Tape 32
Mini DV (6mm) Cassettes 33
Standard (Large) DV (6mm) Cassettes 33
DVCPRO (6mm) Cassettes 34
DV Theory 35
Video 101 35
How DV Camcorders Work 37
Through a Lens Darkly 37
Three Chip Cameras (3 CCDs) 37
Luminance and Chrominance 37
Components 38
Composite Video 38
DV Components and Conversion 38
Sampling 39
4:2:2, 4:1:1, 4:2:0 39
Quantizing 40
Digitizing 40
Compression 41
Heads and Tape 41
Audio 42
Sampling 42
Quantization 42
16 bit 42
12 bit 42
Comparing DV with DigiBeta 43
Comparing DV with BetaSP 43
Progressive Scan CCDs 43
Cameras 44
Image Stabilization 45
Optical Stabilization 45
Electronic Stabilization 46
Autofocus 46
FireWire IEEE1394 47
Data Rates 49
Cable 49
Mulitple Devices 49
Data Throughput Speed Chart 50
SCSI 50
How to Use a DV Camcorder
Sony DSR-PD100A 53
Sony DSR-PD100A 54
PD100A Camera Views 57
Quick Start: Shooting with the PD100A 62
Removing and Attaching Battery 62
Removing Battery 62
Attaching Battery 63
Recharging Battery 63
Loading Tape 64
Shooting: Quick Start 65
Auto Everything 66
Auto Lock and Auto Focus 66
Viewfinder Warnings 66
Eyepiece 67
Handgrip 67
Lens and Sunshade 68
LCD Screen 69
Focus 70
Auto Focus 70
Zoom 71
Manual Control 72
AUTO LOCK Switch 72
EXPOSURE (Aperture) 73
Backlight 73
Shutter 74
Slow shutter speeds 74
White Balance 75
Setting White Balance 75
Manual White Balance 76
Daylight (Outdoor, 5600°K) White Balance 77
Tungsten (Indoor, 3200°K) White Balance 77
ND Filter 77
Zebra Stripes and Exposure 78
Menu and Navigation 80
CAMERA Menu 81
MEMORY Menu 82
VTR Menu 83
Program AE 84
Aperture Priority 84
Shutter Priority 84
Sports Lesson Mode 85
Sunset and Moon 85
Low Lux 85
Timelapse 86
Interval Recording 86
Cut Recording 86
Playback 87
End Search 88
Edit Search 89
In/Out and Dubbing 90
Still Photos 91
Progressive Scan 91
Recording Stills 92
On Tape 92
Progressive or Interlace Scan 93
Recording Stills on Memory Stick 94
Changing Image Quality 95
Memory Stick Picture Quality Menu 95
Playing Back Stills 96
Stills on Tape 96
Viewing Stills on Memory Stick 97
Transferring Stills to Computer 98
Plug Camera into Computer 98
Using Sony DVgate Still 99
Downloading Memory Stick Photos 101
Sony Smart Capture 102
Touching up Your Pictures 103
Pixels, Dots and DPI 103
Printer DPI to LPI 104
Screen DPI to Printer DPI 104
Adobe PhotoDeluxe 105
Adobe Photoshop 106
Audio 107
Audio Input 109
48K Audio 109
Headphones 110
Audio Accessories 111
Split Tracks 111
Recording Audio Separately 111
Simple Editing 115
Software 115
Windows Movie Maker 116
Apple iMovie 117
Working with Quicktime 118
Sony DVGate Motion Capture 119
Manual Video Capture 119
DVGate Motion Automatic Video Capture 120
Boards and Software only 121
Digital Origin IntroDV 2.0 121
Digital Origin CineStream (previously EditDV) 121
Pinnacle Studio DV 122
Pinnacle Studio DV Interface 123
Pinnacle DV200 124
ADS PYRO 124
Canopus EZDV 124
Serious Editing 125
Apple Final Cut Pro 126
Avid XPress DV 127
Avid XPress DV 2.0 128
Avid Xpress DV Interface 129
Avid XpressDV Powerpack 129
Qualified Systems 130
Media Composer 130
Adobe Premiere 6 131
System Suggestions: 132
Windows 132
Mac 132
Adobe Premiere 6 Interface 132
Media 100 133
Media 100 i 133
iFinish 4 133
Serious Boards and Software 134
Pinnacle DV500 PLUS 134
Matrox RTMac 134
Matrox RT2000 MEGA Pack 135
Canopus DVRexRT Professional 135
Uncompressed Video 136
Pinnacle 3000 / Cinéwave 136
How Many Hard Drives Do I Need? 137
Uncompressed Video 138
Buying or Renting Extra Drives 138
Where Does It All Go? 139
DV to Film 140
Auteur Theory 141
Enter the DV 141
Low Budgets 142
Shoot on DV 142
Shoot on 35mm Film 142
Shoot on 16mm Film 142
Peddling the Project 143
DV to 35mm Film Costs 143
DV to 16mm Film 143
16mm to 35 Blowup 143
DV to Film Transfers 144
Laser Film Recorder (Printer) 144
CRT Film Printer 144
Swiss Effects 144
Electron Beam Recorder 145
Kinescope 145
2K - 4K Resolution 145
Keeping DV to Film in Mind 146
Film Look 147
Relative Format Sizes 148
Accessories and Techniques
Lenses 151
Comparison of CCD Size and Film Apertures 151
DV Lens Specs and 35mm Still Equivalents 152
DV Lenses and 35mm Motion Picture Equivalents 152
Conversion Chart: DV to 35mm 152
Why DV Doesn’t Look Like Film 153
Depth of Field 153
Lens Attachments 154
Century Precision and OpTex 155
Wide Angle Adapters 155
Tele-Extenders 155
Diopters 155
Anamorphic 155
Optex PL to XL-1 Lens Mount Adapter 156
Canon 1/3” and 1/2” Lenses 156
18x 156
18x with built-in doubler 156
12x 156
12x with built-in doubler 156
Fujinon Lenses 157
Light and Lighting 159
What is ASA of CCD? 159
Using Lightmeter Instead of Waveform Monitor 160
Lux 161
Zebra Pattern 162
Lightmeter 162
Neutral Density Filters 163
Gain 163
Lighting 164
Matteboxes and Filters 165
Filter Sizes for Camcorders 166
Tiffen Filters 169
Sizes 169
Effects 169
Set Camera to Manual Control 172
Tripods and Heads 173
Fluid Heads 174
Tripods 175
Support Systems 175
Baseplates 176
Moving the Camera 176
Monitors and Decks 177
Anatomy of a Monitor 178
Decks 178
Dubbing to BetaSP UVW-1800 180
Hostile Environments 181
Caring for Your Camcorder 181
Lens Cleaning 182
Low-Tech Rain Covers 182
High-Tech Rain Covers 183
Sun/Dust Covers 183
Scubacam SurfAce 184
EWA-Marine 185
Underwater Housings 185
Shooting Action 186
Accessories for Skydance Velocity Helmet 187
Tinted Boresight 187
Camera Cover 187
Velocity Side Mount Platform 187
Velocity Top Mount Platform 187
Aerials 188
Cases and Shipping 189
Tripod Case 189
Expeditions 190
Cutting Cases 190
Taping Cases 190
Choosing a DV Camcorder
DV Camcorder Jargon 193
Or, How to Translate all Those Labels 193
Canon Mini DV Camcorders 193
JVC 194
Panasonic 195
Sony 195
Why Don’t They... 198
How to Choose a DV Camcorder 200
Consumer Report 200
DV Camcorder Shopping List 201
Canon 202
Canon ELURA 2MC 202
Canon ELURA 2 202
Canon OPTURA Pi 203
Canon ZR20, ZR25 MC and ZR30 MC 204
Canon GL1 205
Canon XL1 206
XL-1 Lenses 207
XL1 Manual Controls 207
Canon XL1 specs 208
JVC 209
Ultra Compact 209
GR-DVM80U 209
GR-DVM90U 209
JVC “Handycam” Style 210
GR-DVL300U 210
GR-DVL505U 210
GR-DVL805U 210
JVC GR-DV2000U 211
Panasonic 212
Panasonic Comparison Chart 212
Panasonic PV-DV100 213
Panasonic PV-DV101 213
Panasonic PV-DV200 214
Panasonic PV-DV201 214
Panasonic PV-DV400 215
Panasonic PV-DV401 215
Panasonic PV-DV 601 216
Panasonic PV-DV800 216
Panasonic PV-DV901 217
Panasonic PV-DV950 218
Panasonic PV-DV951 218
Sony 219
Sony Palm-sized Camcorders 219
Sony DCR-PC5 Mini DV Camcorder 219
Sony DCR-PC100 220
Sony PC-100 Specs 221
Sony PC-100 Additional Info 222
Sony DCR-PC110 223
Optional Accessories for Sony DCR-PC110 224
Sony DCR-TRV11 225
Sony DCR-TRV20 226
Sony DCR-TRV900 228
Sony DSR-PD100A 230
Sony DSR-PD100A Accessories 231
Sony DCR-VX1000 232
Sony DCR-VX2000 233
Sony DCR-VX2000 Additional Specs 234
Sony PD-150 235
PD-150 Overview 236
12x Zoom Lens 236
Optical Image Stabilizer 236
180,000 Dot LCD Precision Black &White Viewfinder 236
200,000 Dot LCD Monitor 236
PD-150 — 2 ch XLR Audio Input 237
16-bit/12-bit PCM Digital Sound and Audio Dub Capability 237
DVCAM/DV Recording 237
Manual Functions 237
PD-150 —Timecode Preset 238
Power 238
Title Function 238
Fader 238
Digital Still Camera Functions with Memory Stick 238
Memory Photo 238
PD-150 — Battery Life 239
Keying 239
Still Images on Memory Stick: Quantity and Quality 239
PD-150 — Controls 240
Specs 240
Big Guns 243
JVC 243
JVC GY-DV500U 243
JVC GY-DV500U Specs 244
JVC GY-DV500U Specs 245
JVC GY-DV700W 246
Panasonic Broadcast & Television 247
DV Proline 247
Panasonic AG-DVC10 247
Panasonic AG-DVC200 248
Panasonic DVCPRO 249
Panasonic AJ-D400 DVCPRO 249
Panasonic AJ-D610WA DVCPRO 250
Sony Professional 253
Sony DSR-250 253
DSR250 Specs 254
Sony DSR250 Manual controls: 255
Sony DSR-300 256
Sony DSR-500WSL 258
Appendix
Suppliers by Name and Address 263
Web Resources 268
Credits 269
Books 270
Magazines 270
Internet and Other 271
Internet Sources on Firewire 271
Internet Sources for DV Camcorders 271
Video to Film 271
DV, DVCAM and DVCPRO Formats 271
Final Cut Pro vs Avid XPress DV 271
SCSI information 272
Film and Video History 272
Recommended Reading 272
Photos and Illustrations 273
Index 275
About the Author 283
About the cover 284
Companion Web Site 284
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