Reservoir Characterization - Chapter 3
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The burial processes of compaction and cementation are illustrated in this figure. Initial compaction upon very early burial reduces the thickness of a deposit from T to t. But, not all of the pore spaces are eliminated. There is still pore space available for fluids to move through the sediment in the subsurface. These fluids contain dissolved ions that can precipitate in the pore spaces to form cement. Both of these processes lithify sediments.