Encyclopedia of the Eye, 2nd Edition

Table of Contents

	Article Title	Lead Author
1	Adaptive immune system and the eye: mucosal immunity	Austin Mircheff
2	Adaptive Immune System and the eye: T Cell-mediated immunity	Kyle McKenna
3	Innate Immune System and the eye	Meredith Gregory-Ksander
4	Role of Complement in Ocular Immune Response	Nalini Bora
5	Dynamic Immunoregulatory Processes that Sustain Immune Privilege in the Eye	Jerry Niederkorn
6	Immunosuppressive and Anti-Inflammatory Molecules that maintain Immune privilege of the Eye	Andy Taylor
7	Antigen Presenting Cells in the Eye and Ocular Surface	Pedram Hamrah
8	Angiogenesis in the Eye	Claus Cursiefen
9	Dry Eye: An Immune-Based Inflammation	Michael E. Stern
10	Penetrating Keratoplasty	D F P Larkin
11	Immunopathogenesis of HSV Keratitis	Robert Hendricks
12	Immunopathogenesis of Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)	Eric Pearlman
13	Immunopathogenesis of Pseudomonas Keratitis	Linda Hazlett
14	Pathogenesis and Immunology of Bacterial Endophthalmitis	Mike Gilmore
15	Immunobiology of Acanthamoeba Keratitis	Jerry Niederkorn
16	Immunopathogenesis of Experimental Uveitic Diseases	Rachel Caspi
17	Pathogenesis of Uveitis in Humans	John Forrester
18	Immunobiology of Age-related Macular Degeneration	Rafael Ufret-Vincenty
19	Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Allergic Conjunctivitis	Virginia Calder
20	Immunobiology of Uveal Melanoma	Martine Jager
22	Pathogenesis of Fungal Keratitis	Eric Pearlman
23	Lens Structure	David Beebe
24	Lens determination and induction	Richard Lang
25	Lens fiber cell differentation	Michael Robinson
28	Normal age-related changes - crystallin modifications, lens hardening	Kirsten Lampi
30	Lens regeneration	Panagiotis Tsonis
31	Structure and evolution of the crystallins	Graeme Wistow
32	Ionic Permeability and Currents in the Lens	Paul Donaldson
33	Gap junctions	Eric Beyer
36	Accommodation	Adrian Glasser
37	Genetics of congenital cataract	J. Fielding Hejtmancik
38	Cortical cataracts	Ralph Michael
39	Nuclear cataracts	Roger Truscott
40	Posterior subcapsular and anterior polar cataracts	Choun-ki Joo
42	Genetics of age-related cataracts	Alan Shiels
43	Posterior Capsule Opacification	I.M. Wormstone
45	Presbyopia	Adrian Glasser
46	The Epidemiology of Cataract	Sheila West
47	Tear film overview	Kazuo Tsubota
48	Meibomian glands and lipid layer	Thomas J. Millar
49	Lacrimal gland overview	Sarah Hamm-Alvarez
50	Lacrima gland hormonal regulation	Austin Mircheff
51	Lacrimal gland signaling - neural	Driss Zoukhri
52	Overview of Electrolyte and Fluid Transport across the Conjunctiva	Oscar Candia
53	Conjunctival Goblet Cells	Robin Hodges
54	OCULAR MUCINS	Monica Berry
55	Conjunctiva Immune Surveillance	Erich Knop
56	Tear drainage	Friedrich Paulsen
57	Defense mechanisms of tears and ocular surface	Alison McDermott
58	Cornea Overview	Penny Asbell
59	The Corneal Epithelium: Cell Biology and Basic Science	Mary Ann Stepp
60	Corneal Epithelium: Wound Healing Junctions, Attachment to Stroma Receptors, Matrix Metalloproteinases, Intracellular Communications	Elizabeth Fini
61	Corneal epithelium: response to infection	Linda Hazlett
62	Corneal epithelium: transport and permeability	Peter Reinach
63	The Ocular Surface: The Surgical Treatment for Corneal Epithelial Stem Cell Deficiency, Corneal Epithelial Defect, and Peripheral Corneal Ulcer	Noriko Koizumi
64	Refractive surgery and inlays	Rudy Nuijts
65	Stem cells of ocular surface	James Funderburgh
66	Contact lenses	Fiona Stapleton
67	Imaging of the Cornea	Stephen Kaufman
68	Corneal nerves: anatomy	Carl Marfurt
69	Corneal nerves: function	Carlos Belmonte
70	Corneal stroma	James Funderburgh
71	Corneal dystrophies	Natalie Afshari
72	Corneal imaging - clinical	Roger Steinert
73	Corneal scars	Daniel Dawson
74	Corneal endothelium overview	David Whikehart
75	Corneal endothelium signaling mechanisms	Joseph Bonnano
76	Corneal endothelium regulation of proliferation	Ula Jurkunas
78	Artifical cornea	May Griffith
79	Blinking mechanism	Charles McMonnies
80	Drug delivery to cornea and conjunctiva–esterase and protease directed prodrug design	Ashim Mitra
81	Inflammation of conjunctiva	Teruo Nishida
82	Knock out mice models: cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland	Winston Kao
83	Gene therapy	Rajiv Mohan
84	Lids: anatomy, pathophysiology and mucocutaneous junction	Ted Wojno
85	The role of the ciliary body in aqueous humor dynamics. Structural aspects	Ernst Tamm
86	Ion transport in the ciliary epithelium	Olaf Strauss
88	Neuroendocrine properties of the ciliary epithelium	Miguel Coca-Prados
89	Control of Aqueous Humor Flow	Jay McLaren
90	Ciliary blood flow and its role in aqueous humor formation	Jeffrey Kiel
91	Pharmacology of aqueous humor formation	Carol Toris
92	Functinal morphology of the trabecular meshwork	Ernst Tamm
93	Biomechanics of Aqueous Humor Outflow Resistance	Mark Johnson
94	The Biology of Schlemm’s Canal	Dan Stamer
95	The Fibrillar Extracellular Matrix of the Trabecular Meshwork	Donna Peters
96	The role of proteoglycans in the trabecular meshwork	Ted Acott
97	Regulation of Extracellular Matrix Turnover in the Aqueous Humor Outflow Pathways	Rudolf Fuchshofer
98	The Cytoskeletal Network Of The Trabecular Meshwork	Paul Kaufman
99	Steroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension and Effects of Glucocorticoids on the Trabecular Meshwork	Abbot Clark
100	Myocilin	Mike Fautsch
101	The role of oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork	Pedro Gonzalez
102	Biological Properties of the Trabecular Meshwork Cells	Paul Russell
103	Uveoscleral outflow	Albert Alm
104	Pharmacology of the aqueous humour outflow	Kathryn Cracknell
106	The development of the aqueous humor outflow pathways	Ernst Tamm
108	Immunological Aspects of Aqueous Humor Turnover	Claus Cursiefen
110	Biomechanics of the optic nerve head	J. Crawford Downs
112	Structural Changes in the Trabecular Meshwork with POAG	Elke Luetjen-Drecoll
113	Primary Open Angle Glaucoma	Detlev Spiegel
114	Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and glaucoma	Ursula Schlotzer-Schrehardt
115	Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma	Robert Ritch
116	IOP and damage of ON axons	Robert Nickells
117	Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis and Neuroprotection	Francesca Cordeiro
118	The Genetics of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma	Rand Allingham
119	Molecular genetics of congenital and juvenile glaucoma	Michael Walter
120	Animal models of glaucoma	Stanislav Tomarev
121	Concept of angiogenic privilege	Claus Cursiefen
122	Angiogenesis in response to hypoxia	H Okano
123	Angiogenesis in inflammation	Zoltan Szekanecz
124	Angiogenesis in wound healing	Omaida Velazquez
125	Hemangiogenesis vs lymphangiogenesis	Diane Bielenberg
126	Innate immunity and angiogenesis	Ralph Kelly
128	Molecular mechanisms of angiostasis	Raghu Kalluri
129	Stability and functional integrity of new blood vessels	Akiyoshi Uemura
130	Vessel Regression	Hans-Peter Hammes
131	Blood:retinal barrier	Jose G. Cunha-Vaz
132	RPE barrier	Lawrence J Rizzolo
133	Properties and Functions of the vessels of the Ciliary Body	Susan Kidson
136	Anatomy and Regulation of the Optic Nerve Blood Flow	Alon Harris
137	BREAKDOWN OF THE BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER	Stanley Vinores
138	Breakdown of the RPE blood-retinal barrier	Mary Elizabeth Hartnett
139	Macular edema	Robert Frank
140	Central retinal vein occlusion	Sohan Hayreh
141	Pathological retinal angiogenesis	Anthony Adamis
142	Development of the Retinal Vasculaure	Tailoi Chan-Ling
143	Choroidal Neovascularization	Scott Cousins
144	The Vascular Stem Cell	Maria Grant
145	CORNEAL ANGIOGENESIS	Dimitri Azar
146	Avascularity of the cornea	Jayakrishina Ambati
147	Retinal Pigment Epithelial - Choroid Interactions	Knatokie Ford
149	Pericytes and Microvascular Remodeling: Regulation of Retinal Angiogenesis	Ira Herman
150	Evolution of opsins	Todd Oakley
151	Genetic dissection of invertebrate phototransduction	Baruch Minke
152	Phototransduction in Limulus photoreceptors	Richard Payne
153	MICROVILLAR AND CILIARY PHOTORECEPTORS IN MOLLUSCAN EYES	Enrico Nasi
154	The Photoresponse in Squid	Jane Mitchell
155	The physiology of photoreceptor synapses and other ribbon synapses	Wallace B. Thoreson
157	Limulus eyes and their circadian regulation	Barbara Battelle
158	Circadian rhythms in the fly's visual system	Elzbieta Pyza
159	Fish retinomotor movements	Beth Burnside
160	The circadian clock in the retina regulates rod and cone pathways	Stuart Mangel
161	Circadian Regulation of Ion Channels in Photoreceptors	Gladys Ko
162	Circadian Metabolism in the Chick Retina	P. Michael Iuvone
163	The Colorful Visual World of Butterflies	Francesca Frentiu
164	Polarized-Light Vision in Land and Aquatic Animals	Tom Cronin
165	Zebra fish as a model for understanding retinal diseases	Susan Brockerhoff
166	Zebra fish - Retinal Development and Regeneration	David R. Hyde
167	Xenopus laevis as a model for understanding retinal diseases	Orson Moritz
168	Retinal Degeneration Through the Eye of the Fly	Nansi Colley
169	Developmental Anatomy of the Retinal and Choroidal Vasculature	Joe G Hollyfield
170	Post-Golgi trafficking and ciliary targeting of rhodopsin	Dusanka Deretic
171	PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY OF THE RETINAL VASCULATURE	Sohan Hayreh
172	Physiological Anatomy of the Choroidal Vasculature	Sohan Hayreh
173	Rod and cone photoreceptor cells: inner and outer	David S Williams
175	Rod and cone photoreceptor cells: outer segment membrane renewal	David S Williams
176	Light-driven translocation of signaling proteins in vertebrate photoreceptors	Vadim Arshavsky; Peter Calvert
177	Rod photoreceptor cells: soma and synapse	Robert Smith
178	Cone photoreceptor cells: soma and synapse	Robert Smith
179	Morphology of interneurons: horizontal cells	Leo Peichl
180	Morphology of interneurons: bipolar cells	Silke Haverkamp
181	Morphology of interneurons: amacrine cells	Enrica Strettoi
182	Morphology of interneurons: interplexiform cells	Doug Mcmahon
183	Phototransduction: rhodopsin	Kris Palczewski
184	RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM: CYTOKINE MODULATION OF EPITHELIAL PHYSIOLOGY	Sheldon Miller
185	Phototransduction: the visual cycle	Gabriel Travis
186	Phototransduction: Phototransduction in Rods	Yingbin Fu
187	Phototransduction: inactivation in rods	Vsevolod Gurevich
188	Phototransduction: adaptation in rods	Trevor Lamb
189	Phototransduction: phototransduction in cones	Vladimir Kefalov
190	Phototransduction: inactivation in cones	Vsevolod Gurevich
191	Phototransduction: adaptation in cones	Trevor Lamb
192	Circadian Photoreception	Ignacio Provencio
193	Retinal Cannabinoids	Stephen Yazulla
194	Information Processing in the Retina	Frank Werblin
195	Information processing: horizontal cells	Arlene A. Hirano
196	Information processing: bipolar cells	Samuel Wu
197	Information processing: amacrine cells	Robert Marc
198	Information processing: ganglion cells	Thomas Muench
199	Information processing: contrast sensitivity	Jonathan, B. Demb
200	Information processing: direction sensitivity	Z. Jimmy Zhou
201	Information processing: retinal adaptation	Kenneth Alexander
202	Glutamate Receptors in Retina	Malcolm Slaughter
203	GABA Receptors in the Retina	Stephen Yazulla
204	THE ROLE OF ACETYLCHOLINE AND ITS RECEPTORS IN RETINAL PROCESSING	Kent T Keyser
205	Neurotransmitters and receptors: dopamine receptors	P. Michael Iuvone
206	Neurotransmitters and receptors: melatonin receptors	Allan Wiechmann
207	Neuropeptides: localization	Nicholas Brecha
208	Neuropeptides: function	Nicholas Brecha
209	Primary photoreceptor degenerations: terminology	Richard G Weleber
210	Primary photoreceptor degenerations: retinitis pigmentosa	Richard G Weleber
211	Secondary photoreceptor degenerations: age-related macular degeneration	L Johnson
212	Secondary photoreceptor degenerations	Michael Gorin
213	Retinal Vasculopathies: Diabetic Retinopathy	Jayakrishina Ambati
214	Retinopathy of Prematurity	Mary Elizabeth Hartnett
215	Color blindness: inherited	Joseph Carroll
216	Color blindness: acquired	Joseph Carroll
217	Injury and repair: light damage	Robert Anderson
218	Injury and repair: neovascularization	Jayakrishina Ambati
219	Injury and repair responses: retinal detachment	Steven Fisher; Geoffrey Lewis
220	Injury and Repair: Retinal Remodeling	Robert Marc
221	Injury and repair: stem cells and transplantation	Michael Young
222	Injury and Repair: Prostheses	Gerald Chader
223	Anatomically Separate Rod and Cone Signalling Pathways	Steven Nusinowitz
224	Unique specializations - functional: dynamic range of vision systems	Aapakkam Sampath
225	The Photoreceptor Outer Segment as a Sensory Cilium	Joseph Besharse
226	Non-Invasive Testing Methods: Multifocal Electrophysiology	Erich Sutter
227	Phototransduction: Retina: Alternative Visual Cycle in Muller Cells	Gabriel Travis
229	EVALUATION OF THE TEAR FILM	Alan Tomlinson
230	Ocular Media Clarity and Straylight	Thomas JTP van den Berg
231	Pupil	Paul Gamlin
232	Chromatic function of the cones	David H Foster
233	Photopic, mesopic and scotopic vision and changes in visual performance	John Barbur
234	Acuity	Michael Crossland
235	Contrast sensitivity	Peter Bex
236	Binocular Vergence Eye Movements and the Near Response	Cliff Schor
237	Fundamentals of Stereopsis	Laurie M. Wilcox
239	Astigmatism	Michael Cox
241	Myopia	Fuensanta, A. Vera-Diaz
242	Refractive surgery	Susana Marcos
243	Amblyopia	Dennis Levi
244	Hyperopia	Elise Harb
245	Perimetry	David Henson
246	Adaptive optics	David Williams
247	Optical Coherence Tomography	Wolfgang Drexler
248	Eye field transcription factors	Michael Zuber
249	Embryology and early patterning	Paola Bovolenta
250	Coordinating Division and Differentiation in Retinal Development	Rod Bremner
251	Retinal Histogenesis	Thomas Reh
252	Histogenesis: cell fate: signaling factors	Valerie Wallace
253	Photoreceptor development: early steps/fate	Anand Swaroop
254	Ganglion cell development: early steps/fate	Nadean Brown
255	Intraretinal circuit formation	Rachel Wong
256	Anatomy, aging, and anomalous posterior vitreous detachment	Jerry Sebag
257	The molecular composition of the vitreous and aging changes	Paul Bishop
258	Vitreous: Cellular origin, formation and turnover of the vitreous	Willi Halfter
259	Formation and regression of the primary vitreous and hyaloid vascular system	Richard Lang
260	Hyalocytes	Tatsuro Ishibashi
261	Anti-angiogenic properties of vitreous	Gerard Lutty
262	Regulation of Intraocular Oxygen by the Vitreous Gel	Nancy Holekamp
264	Pharmacological vitreolysis	Arnd Gandorfer
265	Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment	David Charteris
266	Proliferative vitreoretinopathy	Paul Hiscott
267	The Role of the Vitreous in Macular Hole Formation	William Smiddy
268	Hereditary Vitreoretinopathies	Martin Snead
269	The physiologic consequences of vitreous composition	Mike Trese
270	The Bony Orbit: Bony Anatomy and Orbital Fracture	Andrew R. Harrison
271	The Bony Orbit: Orbital Imaging	Andrew R. Harrison
272	Eyelid Anatomy and the Pathophysiology of Blinking	Craig Evinger
273	Differentiation and Morphogenesis of Extraocular Muscles	Drew M. Noden
274	Extraocular Muscles: Extraocular Muscle Anatomy	Linda K. McLoon
275	Extraocular Muscles: Extraocular Muscle Metabolism	Francisco Andrade
276	Extraocular Muscles: Proprioception and Muscle Spindles	Roland Blumer
277	Extraocular Muscles: Strabismus and Nystagmus at the Muscle/Eye Movement Level	R. John Leigh; Alessandro Serra
278	Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders	Thomas Bosley
279	Extraocular Muscles: Extraocular Muscle Involvement in Disease	Fatima Pedrosa-Domellöf
280	Extraocular Muscles: Thyroid Eye Disease	Rebecca Bahn; Marius N. Stan
281	The Active Pulley Hypothesis	Joseph Demer
282	Orbital Soft Tissue Biomechanics	Sander Schutte
283	Orbital Masses and Tumors	Ioannis Mavrikakis
284	Vascular Anatomy	Michael S Lee
285	Cranial Nerves and Autonomic Innervation	Linda K. McLoon
286	Optic Nerve: Optic Neuritis	Mathias Bähr; Katharina Hein
287	Ischemic optic neuropathy	Sohan Hayreh
288	Optic Nerve: Inherited Optic Neuropathies	Alfredo Sadun
289	Extraocular Muscles: Functional Assessment in the Clinic	Stephen Christiansen

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